PERAN BIOTEKNOLOGI DALAM PEMBUATAN PUPUK HAYATI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v2i1.408Keywords:
biofertilizer, microbial fertilizer, bioteknologi, kesuburan tanahAbstract
Kemajuan bioteknologi tidak hanya memudahkan dalam proses inokulasi dan penyusunan formulasi pupuk hayati, tetapi juga memudahkan dalam identifikasi dan karakterisasi jenis-jenis mikroorganisme yang menunjukkan efektivitas tinggi sebagai pupuk hayati. Kumpulan mikroorganisme terpilih meningkatkan efektivitas penambatan hara tertentu dan memfasilitasi penyediaannya bagi tanaman. Pembuatan pupuk hayati dapat dilakukan secara sederhana hanya dengan mengambil tanah yang pernah dipalikasikan pupuk hayati, misalnya legin pada tanaman kacang tanah, kemudian diaplikasikan pada lahan pertanaman baru untuk pertanaman kacang-kacangan atau dengan teknologi canggih untuk mengidentifikasi, mengisolasi mikroorganisme unggulan tertentu dan membuat suatu formulasi campuran berbagai jenis mikroorganisme yang mampu menghasilkan nutrisi secara langsung ataupun tidak langsung untuk pertumbuhan tanaman. Berbagai penelitian menunjukkan, pupuk hayati bermanfaat dalam memperbaiki kesuburan tanah, meningkatkan kesehatan tanah, memacu pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman . Namun demikian, penggunaan pupuk hayati oleh petani masih tertinggal jauh dibandingkan pupuk non hayati. Oleh karena itu, penelitian, pengembangan, dan inovasi produk pupuk hayati perlu terus dilakukan.
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