Deteksi Fusarium Patogenik Terbawa Umbi Benih Beberapa Varietas Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L. group aggregatum)

Andini Hanif, Suryo Wiyono, Abdul Munif, Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat

Abstract

Infeksi patogen tanaman merupakan salah satu penyebab menurunnya produksi bawang merah di Indonesia. Salah satu penyakit utama pada bawang merah adalah busuk pangkal batang yang disebabkan oleh infeksi Fusarium oxysporum. Infeksi Fusarium patogenik pada umbi benih bawang merah dapat menyebabkan kejadian penyakit busuk pangkal batang pada tanaman bawang merah. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan uji kesehatan umbi benih, untuk mendeteksi keberadaan Fusarium patogenik pada umbi benih bawang merah. Uji kesehatan umbi benih bawang merah dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode blotter test. Selanjutnya isolat Fusarium yang muncul dari hasil blotter test diuji sifat patogenisitasnya pada umbi dan tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi keberadaan Fusarium terbawa umbi benih bawang merah pada beberapa varietas dan sifat patogenisitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan varietas bawang merah dengan persen infeksi Fusarium tertinggi pada varietas Bima (74,5%) dengan nekrosis basal plate (79%). Hasil uji patogenisitas menunjukkan dari 60 isolat Fusarium diperoleh dari uji blotter test, 46,6% merupakan isolat Fusarium patogenik.

Keywords

blotter test; busuk pangkal batang; nekrosis

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v7i1.1567

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