IMPLEMENTASI SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM BERBASIS INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) UNTUK MONITORING KELEMBABAN TANAH DAN EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN AIR

Putu Aditya Pratama, Made Santo Gitakarma

Abstract


Ketersediaan air merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang memengaruhi produktivitas pertanian. Metode penyiraman konvensional yang masih banyak digunakan sering kali menyebabkan penggunaan air yang tidak efisien karena tidak mempertimbangkan kondisi aktual kelembaban tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan Smart Irrigation System berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) yang mampu melakukan monitoring kelembaban tanah dan pengendalian penyiraman tanaman secara otomatis untuk meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air. Sistem dikembangkan menggunakan sensor kelembaban tanah sebagai perangkat akuisisi data, mikrokontroler ESP32 sebagai pusat pengendali, modul relay sebagai aktuator, pompa air sebagai sistem penyiraman, serta platform cloud IoT untuk monitoring secara real-time. Metode penelitian meliputi identifikasi kebutuhan sistem, perancangan sistem, implementasi, pengujian, serta evaluasi dan analisis data. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem mampu mendeteksi perubahan kelembaban tanah dan mengaktifkan pompa air secara otomatis ketika nilai kelembaban berada di bawah ambang batas yang telah ditentukan. Selain itu, data hasil pengukuran dapat ditampilkan secara real-time melalui dashboard monitoring berbasis cloud. Berdasarkan hasil evaluasi, sistem mampu mengurangi penggunaan air hingga 40% dibandingkan metode penyiraman konvensional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan teknologi IoT pada sistem irigasi dapat meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan air serta mendukung implementasi konsep smart agriculture yang berkelanjutan.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37637/komteks.v5i1.2742

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