ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL IAA (INDOLE ACETIC ACID) DARI RHIZOSFER TANAMAN AKASIA (Acacia mangium)

Ika Agus Rini, Indah Oktaviani, Muhammad Asril, Revi Agustin, Fina Khaerunissa Frima

Abstract

IAA adalah produk paling umum dari metabolisme L-triptofan yang dapat diproduksi oleh beberapa mikroorganisme. Beberapa mikroorganisme yang memiliki potensi menghasilkan IAA adalah bakteri rhizosfer pada tanaman Leguminosae, salah satunya adalah akasia. Acacia mangium, juga dikenal sebagai akasia, adalah pohon yang tumbuh cepat. Namun, akasia adalah tanaman invasif. Tanaman akasia memiliki bintil yang merupakan hasil simbiosis akar tanaman dan bakteri. Simbiosis ini dapat mempengaruhi kesuburan tanah. Banyak potensi yang dapat digali dari bakteri tanah, khususnya di rhizosfer. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri pada rizosfer tanaman akasia yang mampu menghasilkan IAA sebagai salah satu potensi untuk kandidat PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria). Metode yang digunakan meliputi pengambilan sampel, isolasi bakteri penghasil IAA, pemurnian bakteri, identifikasi bakteri dan uji biokimia, pembuatan kurva tumbuha bakteri, dan uji isolat bakteri pelarut fosfat. Hasil isolasi bakteri rhizosfer diperoleh sebanyak 10 isolat bakteri yang memiliki karakteristik berbeda secara morfologi.  Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi bakteri berdasarkan pewarnaan Gram, bakteri tersebut masuk ke dalam genus Bacillus dan terdapat 5 isolat bakteri yang memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan IAA dan melarutkan fosfat sehingga bakteri tersebut memiliki potensi sebagai pupuk hayati.

Keywords

Acacia; rhizosfer; bacteria; IAA; pupuk hayati

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v3i2.619

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