Ekspresi Gen PR-1 Melalui Induksi Ketahanan Tanaman Padi terhadap Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae Menggunakan Lysinibacillus sphaericus dan Asam Salisilat
Abstract
Xanthomonas oryzae pv.oryzae merupakan salah satu bakteri patogen yang menyerang tanaman padi. Pengendalian terhadap penyakit ini telah banyak dilakukan dan salah satu teknik pengendalian yang dikembangkan saat ini melalui teknologi induksi ketahanan tanaman yang mengekspresikan gen PR-1. Penelitian kami untuk mendeskripsikan ekspresi gen PR-1 pada varietas padi IR64 yang terinduksi resistensinya oleh asosiasi antara bakteri endofit dan asam salisilat. Gen PR-1 dianalisis secara molekuler dan ekspresinya menunjukkan tanaman padi yang terinduksi resistensinya secara tunggal maupun kombinasi oleh kedua agens ini memperlihatkan adanya ekspresi protein PR-1. Ekspresi protein ini dipicu oleh aktivitas kedua agens penginduksi yang bekerja secara simultan untuk membentuk protein yang mampu menekan perkembangan penyakit ini. PR-1 bekerja sesuai dengan mekanisme dari masing-masing agens penginduksi resistensi tanaman. Varietas IR64 yang diketahui rentan terhadap penyakit hawar daun bakteri terbukti dapat ditingkatkan ketahanannya menjadi moderat. Pemanfaatan induksi ketahanan tanaman melalui aktivitas kedua agens pengimbas yang membentuk protein PR-1 perlu dilanjutkan dengan inovasi formulasi teknik pengendalian yang diberikan secara simultan sebagai alternatif strategi pengendalian hawar daun bakteri maupun penyakit lainnya ke depan dengan pendekatan ramah lingkungan dan berkelanjutan.
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