Induksi dan Kultur Suspensi Friable Embryogenic Callus Ubi Kayu Menggunakan Kultivar Lokal dan Jenis Auksin yang Berbeda

Endah Cahyani Simamora, Slameto Slameto, Didik Pudji Restanto

Abstract

Tanaman ubi kayu (Manihot Esculenta) merupakan komoditas yang diprioritaskan serta mudah untuk dibudidayakan. Perakitan tanaman ubi kayu memiliki kesulitan dikembangkan secara generatif sehingga dibutuhkan pendekatan kultur jaringan melalui induksi Friable Embryogenic Callus. Beberapa kendala dalam menghasilkan kalus yang embriogenik yaitu genotip serta eksplorasi dari metode dan protokol induksi FEC dari beberapa varietas ubi kayu masih terbatas. Penelitian dilakukan dengan beberapa tahapan yaitu induksi FEC pada media GD dengan perlakuan kultivar yang berbeda yaitu Kaspro (V1), Ketan (V2), Kuning (V3) pada media GD, dilanjutkan dengan proliferasi pada kultur suspensi dengan perlakuan jenis auksin yaitu picloram 12 mg.L-1 (P1), 20 mg.L-1 (P1), dan 2,4-D 12 mg.L-1 (P3) dan perbedaan kultivar. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu respon kalus dari kultivar lokal menunjukkan rerata frekuensi dan skor FEC tertinggi terdapat pada Kultivar Kaspro sebesar 51,26% dan skor 4 sebagai kategori kemampuan membentuk FEC tinggi. Pertambahan berat segar tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan P1 yaitu 1,19 gram serta perlakuan V2P1 yaitu 0,64 gram. Volume suspensi tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan V1P2 serta viabilitas sel tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan V3P2.

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Keywords

Friable Embryogenic Callus; kultur suspensi; picloram; ubi kayu

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v7i1.1535

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