Pengelolaan Kompos Residu Kentang dan NPK dalam Memperbaiki Karakteristik Tanah dan Peningkatan Hasil Kentang (Solanum tuberosum L.)

I Nengah Karnata, Anak Agung Gede Putra, Made Sri Sumarniasih, Made Suma Wedastra, I Nengah Muliarta

Abstract

Praktek mengkombinasikan pupuk kandang ayam dengan NPK merupakan kebiasaan petani kentang di desa Candikuning, Tabanan, Bali. Petani mengeluarkan biaya cukup besar rata-rata 10 Juta untuk penanaman 1 ha kentang untuk mendapatkan kotoran ayam ini. Kompos berbahan baku residu kentang akan menjadi alternatif pengganti pupuk kandang ayam. Penelitian telah dilakukan bertujuan membandingkan kebiasaan petani dengan aplikasi kompos residu kentang dan NPK terhadap perbaikan karakteristik tanah (sifat fisik, kimia dan biologi) dan pengaruhnya terhadap peningkatan hasil kentang.  Hasil percobaan laboratorium menunjukkan bahwa pemberian 100% kompos residu kentang menyebabkan peningkatan KTK, C-organik, P-tersedia dan K-tersedia dengan nyata masing-masing sebesar 170,57%; 172,62%; 69,71% dan 208,20% dibandingkan tanpa pupuk, tetapi tidak menyebabkan meningkatnya KB. Perlakuan 100% kompos residu kentang meningkatkan total jamur secara nyata dibandingkan kontrol. Perbaikan karakteristik tanah menyebabkan meningkatnya berat total umbi segar rumpun-1 maupun ha-1 masing-masing 345,39% dan 157,84% akibat pemberian 100% kompos dibandingkan tanpa pupuk. Perlakuan 100% kompos  maupun kombinasinya dengan NPK (75%, 50% dan 25%) dan kombinasi pupuk kandang ayam dengan NPK (75%, 50% dan 25%) juga nyata meningkatkan indeks panen hampir lebih dua kali lipat (200%) dibandingkan kontrol.

Keywords

kentang; kompos; karakteristik; NPK; residu

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References

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v6i1.1118

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